Akamaro ko kurinda amadarubindi

Byumvikane ko ihahamuka ryakazi rikora hafi 5% yimvune zose zatewe ninganda, naho 50% byihungabana mubitaro byamaso.Kandi inganda zimwe na zimwe zigera kuri 34%.Mubikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro, ibintu bikunze gukomeretsa amaso yinganda harimo gukomeretsa amaso yumubiri w’amahanga, gukomeretsa amaso y’imiti, gukomeretsa ijisho ridafite imirasire, gukomeretsa amaso y’imirasire, microwave no gukomeretsa amaso ya laser.Kubera ko ibyo bikomere bibaho, ibirahure birinda bigomba kwambarwa mugihe cyo kubyara umusaruro, kandi ibirahure birinda ni ngombwa cyane!

1. Gukomeretsa umubiri w'amahanga

Gukomeretsa amaso yumubiri mumahanga ni abishora mu gusya ibyuma;gukata ibyuma cyangwa ibyuma;gusukura no gusana ibyuma bikozwe mu bikoresho n'intoki, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bigendanwa, n'ibikoresho byo mu kirere;gukata imirongo cyangwa imigozi;gukata cyangwa gusiba;kumenagura amabuye cyangwa beto, nibindi, ibintu byamahanga nkibice byumucanga hamwe nicyuma cyinjira mumaso cyangwa bigira ingaruka mumaso.

2. Kwangirika kw'amaso adafite ionizing

Mu gusudira amashanyarazi, gukata ogisijeni, itanura, gutunganya ibirahuri, kuzunguruka no guterera hamwe nahandi, isoko yubushyuhe irashobora kubyara urumuri rukomeye, ultraviolet nimirasire yumuriro kuri 1050 ~ 2150 ℃.Imirasire ya UV irashobora gutera conjunctivitis, Photophobia, ububabare, kurira, blepharitis nibindi bimenyetso.Kubera ko ahanini biboneka mu gusudira amashanyarazi, bakunze kwita "electrooptic ophthalmia", ikaba ari indwara y'amaso ikunze kuboneka mu nganda.

3. Ionizing Imirasire Yangirika

Imirasire ya Ionizing iboneka cyane cyane mu nganda zingufu za atome, inganda za kirimbuzi (nk'inganda zikoresha ingufu za kirimbuzi, ubwato bwa kirimbuzi), ubushakashatsi bwa fiziki, ingufu za fiziki, ubushakashatsi bw’ishami ry’ubuvuzi, gusuzuma isotope no kuvura n'ahandi.Amaso ahura nimirasire ya ionizing arashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye.Iyo igipimo cyose cyakiriwe kirenze 2 Gy, abantu batangira kurwara cataracte, kandi indwara ziyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshi.

4. Gukomeretsa Microwave na laser

Microwave irashobora gutera igicu cya kristu kubera ingaruka zubushyuhe, biganisha ku kubaho kwa "cataracte".Gukoresha lazeri kuri retina birashobora gutera inkongi, kandi lazeri irenga 0.1 μW irashobora kandi gutera amaraso, amaso ya proteine, gushonga, no guhuma.

5. Ijisho ryimiti (isura) kwangirika

Amazi ya aside-fatizo hamwe numwotsi wangirika mubikorwa byo kubyara byinjira mumaso cyangwa bigira ingaruka kuruhu rwo mumaso, bishobora gutera gutwika cornea cyangwa uruhu rwo mumaso.Kumenagura, nitrite, hamwe na alkalis ikomeye birashobora gutera ijisho rikabije, kuko alkalis yinjira byoroshye kuruta acide.

Niki nakagombye kwitondera mugihe nkoresha ibirahure birinda?

1. Ibirahuri byatoranijwe birinda bigomba kugenzurwa kandi byujuje ibisabwa n’ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibicuruzwa;

2. Ubugari n'ubunini bw'ikirahure kirinda bigomba kuba bikwiriye mu maso h'umukoresha;

3. Kwambara nabi kwinzira no kwangirika kumurongo bizagira ingaruka kumyerekano yabakoresha kandi bigomba gusimburwa mugihe;

4. Ibirahure birinda bigomba gukoreshwa nabakozi badasanzwe kugirango birinde kwandura indwara zamaso;

5. Akayunguruzo hamwe nimpapuro zirinda ibirahuri byumutekano byo gusudira bigomba gutoranywa no gusimburwa ukurikije ibikorwa bikenewe bikenewe;

6. Irinde kugwa cyane n'umuvuduko ukabije, kandi wirinde ibintu bikomeye kunyeganyeza lens na masike.